If the expected return on two projects is the same but the second has a higher variance (or standard deviation), then the first will be preferred. Also, if the variance on the two projects is the ...

The 4-dimensional Hartmann function is multimodal. It is given here in the form of Picheny et al. (2012), having a mean of zero and a variance of one. The authors ...

Here, specific environmental variance refers to the deviation from the population mean due to the environmental conditions that are uniquely experienced by each individual. Statistically speaking ...