Medscape11d
Asthma as a Risk Factor for COPD in a Longitudinal Study
Background: For several years, asthma and COPD have been regarded as distinct entities, with distinct clinical courses. However, despite distinctive physiologic features at the time of diagnosis ...
Healio2d
Smoking before age 15 years raises COPD risk in adulthood regardless of smoking factors
The adjusted risk for COPD was elevated among adults who identified as regular cigarette smokers before age 15 years, ...