A principal component analysis of a covariance matrix is equivalent to an analysis of a weighted correlation matrix, where the weight of each variable is equal to its variance. Variables with large ...

Calculate the expectation and variance of several random variables and develop some intuition ... and in this module we introduce the idea of “conditioning” and Bayes’ Formula. The fundamental concept ...

Why are the variable levels and patterns of genetic variation important? Knowledge about how traits vary can reveal the evolutionary dynamics that shape populations. Once researchers have ...