As reindeer travel, their grazing and trampling affect vegetation patterns and nutrient cycles, shaping the Arctic landscape. They act as ecosystem engineers, leaving a changed landscape behind them.

By analysing how Samis from two types of villages in Lule lappmark using different ecological settings between 1550 and 1780, we show that the older property-rights system dissolved due to the ...

Poor grazing conditions during the winter, because of a heavy snowfall or icy tundra, can contribute to higher competition for food. Credit must be given to the creator. Only noncommercial uses of ...

Because of the fragmentation of land, in some areas, even trucks have to be used to transport reindeer between different grazing areas, which is costly and not environmentally friendly.

Each reindeer features a slim profile ... purchase a two-piece set or select individual poses (either "standing" or "grazing"). Just keep in mind that the two-piece option is more expensive ...