Cells take up solid particles using a process called endocytosis. How did scientists use viruses to learn ... was mediated by a specific receptor present in the surface of the cells.

Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV)-based vectors ... Although AAV uses the ubiquitously expressed cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) as a receptor, the transduction efficiency of AAV ...

Many phylogenetically distant animal viruses ... certain viral surface proteins for fusion, cleavage generates a carboxy-terminal RXXR sequence. This C-end Rule (CendR) motif is known to bind to ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV ... HCV is an RNA virus that is sensed as nonself in the infected liver by host pattern recognition receptors, triggering downstream signaling to interferons (IFNs).

Activation of these cells depends partly on a set of NK cell-surface proteins called activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). But how activating KIRs recognize pathogens is poorly ...

The Sudan virus, a close relative of Ebola, has a fatality rate of 50% but remains poorly understood in terms of how it infects cells. Currently, no approved treatments exist.

Other pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs ... influence variation to hepatitis C outcomes in patients. The mechanisms of HCV induction of IFN-λ and the relevant cell types involved are currently ...